Глава 7

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12.    S. Winter, "Schumpeterian Competition in Alternative Technological Regimes."Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization (1984): 287-320.

13.    R. Young and J. Francis, "Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Small Manufacturing Firms,” Social Science Quarterly 72 no, 1 (1991): 149-62.

Глава 7

1.       R, Levin, A. Klevorick, R. Nelson, and S, Winter, "Appropriating the Returns from Industrial Research and Development." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 3 (1987): 783-832.

2.       Е. Mansfield, "How Rapidly Does Industrial Technology Leak Out?'

Journal of Industrial Economics 34 no. 2 (1985): 217-23.

3.       R. Levin, A. Klevorick, R. Nelson, and S. Winter, "Appropriating the Returns from Industrial Research and Development," op. cit.

4.       Там же.

5.       Там же.

6.       S. Shane, A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual- Opportunity Nexus (Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar, 2003).

7.       Там же.

8.       R. Nelson, and S. Winter, An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 1982),

9.       L. Zucker, M. Darby, and M. Brewer, "Intellectual Human Capital and the Birth of U.S. Biotechnology Enterprises. American Economic Review 88 no. 1 (1998): 290-305.

10.   U.S. Department of Commerce. General Information Concerning Patents (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992).

11.   Там же.

12.   О. Fuerst, and U. Geiger, From Concept to Wall Street: A Complete Guidt

to Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital (New York: Financial Time; Prentice Hall, 2003). 

13.   D. Debelak, "Patent Lather," www.entrepreneur.com/article/

0,         4621,274473,00.php (accessed 2000).

14.   L. Gomes, "Though a Trailblazer, Is Tivo Overreaching in Its Patent Claims?" Wall StreetJournal, February 9, 2004, p. Bl.

15.   R. Levin, A. Klevorick, R, Nelson, and S. Winter, "Appropriating the Returns from Industrial Research and Development," op. cit.

16.   Там же.

17.   Там же.                                                                   

18.   Там же.

Глава 8

1.       W. Colien, R. Nelson, and J. Walsh, "Protecting Their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U.S. Manufacturing Firms Paten'; (or Not)," NBER Working Paper, No. 7552, 2000.